Effects of Gaba Derivatives on Anxious and Compulsive Behavior in Offspring of Rats with Experimental Preeclampsia.

We studied the effects of GABA derivatives on anxious and compulsive behavior of progeny of rats with experimental preeclampsia provoked by replacement of drinking water for 1.8% NaCl solution from the first day of pregnancy to delivery. In comparison with progeny of health rats, the offspring of dams with complicated pregnancy demonstrated high level of anxiety and the development of obsessive-compulsive disorder both at the early (40 and 70 days) and late (6 and 12 months) stages of ontogeny. GABA derivatives succicard, salifen, and phenibut reduced symptoms of experimental preeclampsia in offspring of various age by decreasing the level of anxiety and reducing compulsive behavior. The efficacy of the examined derivatives was similar to that of the reference drug Pantogam.

[Immuno-scanning of human colon cancer xenografts using a labeled monoclonal antibody to the carcinoembryonic antigen]. / Immunoskanirovanie ksenotransplantatov raka tolstoi kishki cheloveka s mechenym monoklonal'nym antitelom k rakovo-émbrional'nomu antigenu.

The results of experiments using 131I-labelled monoclonal antibody (131I-MoAb) were described. The experiments were staged on nude male mice with transplanted human colon adenocarcinoma of the 34th generation (RTK-12). Tumor sizes by the time of 131I-MoAb administration varied from 1 to 3 cm. 131I-MoAb specific radioactivity was 456.6 kBq/micrograms in the volume of 0.3 ml. The same amount of 131I-Na was administered to control animals. Scanning on the Scintimat-2F (Siemens) was performed 1, 2, 3 and 4 days after injection of 131I-MoAb. Three days before scanning 0.2% KI was added to the drinking water. Some animals were decapitated on the 2nd-3rd day for radiometry of organs and tissues. After the injection of 131I-MoAb 10-fold less than the CEA serum concentration and with specific radioactivity of 370-444 kBq its tumor accumulation in 48 h was 10-15-fold higher than that in the surrounding tissues resulting in better tumor scans. Intensive dehalogenation of 131I-MoAb in vivo and related 131I accumulation in the thyroid and adrenal glands (in the medullary layer) required the administration of stable iodine not only before but also after injection of the radioactive agent.

[Computerized evaluation of the informativeness of radioimmunologic tests in the diagnosis of stomach cancer]. / Komp'iuternaia otsenka informativnosti radioimmunologicheskikh testov dlia diagnostiki raka zheludka.

Solution rules in the form of differential-diagnostic tables with coefficients of weight and threshold values of 16 different signs were obtained with the help of a computer EC-assisted algorithm of a generalized picture. These signs included tumor antigens, cyclonucleotides and hormones determined in the blood serum of healthy individuals, stomach cancer patients and patients with diseases of nonmalignant origin. These signs being of low informative value by themselves, in a combined use provided an opportunity to differentiate between "stomach cancer-not cancer" with a sufficiently high degree of significance.

[Monoclonal antibodies in the radioimmunological diagnosis of malignant tumors of the gastrointestinal tract and ovaries]. / Monoklonal'nye antitela v radioimmunologicheskoi diagnostike zlokachestvennykh opukholei zheludochno-kishechnogo trakta i iaichnikov.

The report deals with the clinical significance of application of two procedures of radioimmunologic assay of levels of monoclonal CA-19-9 and CA-125 antigens in diagnosing gastrointestinal and ovarian malignancies. The CA-19-9 antigen test appeared to be ineffective at the early stages of development of malignant tumors of the stomach, rectum and colon. The level of the antigen showed an increase in 37% of cases of hepatic metastases only. However, the test may be instrumental in differentiating between inflammatory processes and malignancies in the pancreatohepatoduodenal area. CA-125 antigen serves as a discriminating marker for tumor involvement of the ovaries. However, its specificity in differentiating between benign and malignant tumors of this organ is under 63%.

[Biochemical methods and their place in prognosis and evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment of small cell lung cancer]. / Biokhimicheskie metody i ikh mesto v prognozirovanii i otsenke éffektivnosti lecheniia melkokletochnogo raka legkogo.

The blood plasma levels of ACTH, CEA, calcitonin, parathyrin, hydrocortisone, serotonin, and histamine were measured radioimmunologically in 58 cases of small cell lung cancer prior to treatment. Elevated concentrations of CEA (61%) and ACTH (44%) were relatively frequent. Blood plasma--ACTH level in cases of expanded small cell lung cancer was higher than in healthy subjects and patients with localized tumor. A correlation was found between cancer patients survival time and the basal levels of CEA, ACTH and calcitonin. Polyamines were assayed in diurnal urine of 24 cancer patients prior to treatment and during chemotherapy. The mean level of putrescine before treatment was much in excess of normal value. Responders to treatment revealed a considerable rise in spermidine excretion within the first 10 days after treatment. In non-responders, spermidine excretion remained at the same level.

[Microanalysis in oncological diagnosis]. / Mikroanaliz v onkologicheskoi diagnostike.

An analysis of the diagnosis accuracy of malignant gastric, rectal, liver and prostatic tumors was performed with relation to the sensitivity and specificity of radioimmunological and immunoenzyme commercial kits of reagents manufactured by different companies and used to determine the concentration of the carcinoembryonic antigen, alpha-fetoprotein and acid phosphatase of the prostate. With an increase of the test specificity its diagnostic sensitivity decreases, i.e. the percentage of false-negative results increases. The use of highly specific monoclonal antibodies in serological tests results in a marked decrease of the accuracy of tumor diagnosis. The author thinks it necessary to strictly determine indications for the use of the serological and immunodiagnostic kits: for the identification of risk populations, early diagnosis of tumors, differential diagnosis or the monitoring of patients.

[General evaluation of the state of the endocrine system from the results of radiodiagnostic studies in vitro]. / Obobshchennaia otsenka sostoianiia éndokrinnoi sistemy po rezul'tatam radiodiagnosticheskikh issledovanii in vitro.

The paper is concerned with a comparative analysis of 3 different decision rules to give a summary evaluation of endocrine system function. The application of the rules to the evaluation of the hormonal status of patients with gastric cancer has shown that the index of the state of the endocrine system gets deteriorated compared to the normal one, however it greatly improves in clinically effective treatment. From the view-point of the quality of classifiers for an in vitro study of the endocrine status the best of the proposed classifiers is the determination of Euclidean distance from normal in the multidimensional space of the diagnostic signs.

[Tissue polypeptide and carcinoembryonic antigens in patients with breast cancer]. / Tkanevoi polipeptidnyi i rakovo-émbrional'nyi antigeny u bol'nykh rakom molochnoi zhelezy.

Tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were studied radioimmunologically in 112 patients with breast cancer. 39 healthy females and 13 patients with mastopathy were in control. In cases of incipient and localized forms of breast cancer, mean levels of CEA and TPA did not differ from those in controls despite the direct correlation between the number of patients with elevated concentrations of both antigens and stage of the disease. In cases of local dissemination of tumor, CEA concentration was 3 times and in patients with distant metastases-5 times that in control. TPA level was found to rise at a slower rate in the same patients as tumor process advanced. It was shown that radioimmunological tests for CEA and TPA provide an efficient means of evaluating breast cancer expansion thanks to its low threshold of sensitivity in identifying early cancer. A direct correlation between CEA and TPA levels was established.

[Carcinoembryonic antigen in the evaluation of the efficacy of the surgical treatment of stomach cancer and prognosis of the disease]. / Rakovo-émbrional'nyi antigen dlia otsenki éffektivnosti khirurgicheskogo lecheniia raka zheludka i prognozirovaniia techeniia zabolevaniia.

Blood plasma levels of carcino-embryonic antigen in 128 patients and 50 healthy subjects were measured radioimmunologically. A significant increase was not registered until stage III of the disease. Peak level of carcino-embryonic antigen level was at stage IV. The concentration dropped rapidly after a complication-free radical surgery. A dynamic follow-up established an increase in the level of the antigen in cases of recurrences and metastases. The concentration rose, on the average, 3.5 months prior to development of the first clinical symptoms.